On-rotor electromagnetic energy harvester for powering a wireless condition monitoring system on bogie frames

• The counterweight acts as the friction pendulum to form all-in-one prototype. power density can reach 1982 W m ?3 . prototype drive daily used electric appliance and wireless sensor. serve a speed sensor detect motion state of vehicles. supports self-powered real-time bogie frames monitoring. To maintain desirable service quality operational safety, monitoring unit integrated with vibration energy harvesting technology becomes an available choice achieve self-powered, maintenance-free, train. However, owing bulky size split design, collect mechanical from frame movement is still considerable challenge for conventional harvesters. Here, we proposed compact on-rotor electromagnetic harvester. key novelty that produce desired relative between coils magnet make device more easily install on wheelset. Besides, layout magnetic materials optimized improve conversion efficiency. output performance under broad train speeds 420–820 rpm systematically studied verify improvements (up ), converted electricity successfully powers commercial Bluetooth sensors. Additionally, harvester serves vehicle. This work makes significant progress towards potential applications in embedded condition units.